What Is a Psychological Stressor? - Definition & Examples

Real-Life Stress

Imagine that you are a psychology major studying to take your midterm exam in your abnormal psychology course. Once the time comes to take the exam, you feel more than prepared. As you take the exam, you notice that many of the questions cover topics that are unfamiliar to you. You are appalled when your professor gives you a ‘D’ on the midterm exam. As a result, your confidence falters.

Although this is your first ‘D’, you feel like a complete failure and wonder if you have what it takes to be a psychologist. You start to spend more time studying and stop hanging out with your friends. You become anxious whenever it is time to turn in an assignment. You wonder if all the other students have noticed that you are a failure, too.

Even though you receive an ‘A’ on your next assignment, you cannot help but feel anxious and fearful about your ability to succeed as a student and psychologist. Your friends try to convince you that it’s all in your head, but you cannot get rid of these feelings. What you are experiencing is known as stress .

What is Stress?

Have you ever had an experience that you found difficult to cope with? For instance, maybe you had trouble dealing with the loss of a loved one or handling the pressures of being a student.

Stress occurs when we have difficulty coping. Any event or stimulus that requires you to change in some way has the potential to cause stress. Causes of stress include something as routine as driving to work, or something as rare as losing all of your belongings in a house fire.

Stress depends upon a situation and how you perceive it. Stress can be temporary or it can last over a period of time. A situation that you find stressful may not illicit the same stress response in another person. For example, some students may complete their college exams without feeling stressed, while others get test anxiety every time they take an exam and find it hard to cope.

What is Psychological Stress?

Psychological stress occurs when you are under pressure or having difficulty coping with a situation or stimulus. Think of it as your emotional response to stressful events. The anxiety and incompetence that you felt as a result of receiving a ‘D’ on your midterm exam is an example of psychological stress.

Any situation that produces an emotional response, whether an actual experience or one that you perceive to be real, can become a source of psychological stress. For example, imagine that your boss tells you that she needs to meet with you tomorrow. You fear that you are going to be fired and experience psychological stress. However, when you enter her office, you learn that you have been promoted. Here, your perception of the situation caused you to experience psychological stress, even though your perception was incorrect.

Causes

We refer to the events or stimuli that cause psychological stress as psychological stressors . These stressors elicit strong emotional responses, such as fear, anxiety, anger, hate, and sadness. Most likely, psychological stressors can only be experienced by human beings.

For example, the death of a loved one may cause you to feel extreme sadness. The ending of a long-term relationship can also cause feelings of sadness, loneliness, and depression. As a victim of racism, you might feel anger, sadness, and anxiety.

Some common psychological stressors are:

Unrealistic beliefs and expectations

Excessive worrying

Loss of employment

Unhappy childhood

Money problems

Perfectionism

Low self-esteem

Exams

Public speaking

Bullying

Assault or rape

Racism

Poor social network

Dislocation or displacement

Natural disasters

Lesson Summary

Any event or stimulus that requires you to change in some way has the potential to cause stress . Psychological stress is what you feel when you are under pressure or having difficulty coping with a situation or stimulus. Psychological stressors are the things that cause psychological stress, and as far as we know, can only be experienced by human beings. Some common psychological stressors that elicit strong emotions may include the death of a loved one, excessive worrying, unemployment, and low self-esteem.